Know your rights

Where to go when something goes wrong.

Official places to get help or file a complaint, sorted by what happened. Every link was checked this month.

This isn't legal advice. Deadlines are short and they matter. If a page lists a deadline, act before it. If you're not sure where you stand, talk to a lawyer or a legal aid office near you.

Work

  • Work

    Filing a Charge of Discrimination

    U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

    Takes complaints of job discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age (40 or older), disability, or genetic information. You start with an online inquiry and an interview with EEOC staff; the phone line answers questions but does not take charges.

    Use it: If you were treated unfairly at work or while applying for a job because of your race or another protected trait.

    Deadline
    Generally 180 calendar days from the discrimination, extended to 300 days if a state or local agency enforces a similar law. Equal Pay Act claims have 2 years (3 if willful). Federal employees generally must contact their agency's EEO counselor within 45 days.
    Phone
    1-800-669-4000 (TTY 1-800-669-6820)
    Cost
    Free

    Go to Filing a Charge of Discrimination

  • Work

    Wage and Hour Division Complaints

    U.S. Department of Labor, Wage and Hour Division

    Investigates complaints about unpaid minimum wage, unpaid overtime, and other federal pay violations. Complaints are confidential, and the division enforces the law regardless of a worker's immigration status.

    Use it: If your employer didn't pay you minimum wage, skipped your overtime pay, or held back wages you earned.

    Deadline
    Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, back wages can generally be recovered for 2 years, or 3 years for willful violations.
    Phone
    1-866-4USWAGE (1-866-487-9243)
    Cost
    Free

    Go to Wage and Hour Division Complaints

Housing

  • Housing

    HUD Housing Counseling Agency Search

    U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

    Finds HUD participating housing counseling agencies near you by ZIP code or state. Counselors help with catching up on a mortgage, renting, buying a home, reverse mortgages, homelessness, budgeting, and fair housing rights, in person, by phone, or online.

    Use it: If you're behind on rent or your mortgage, facing eviction or foreclosure, or getting ready to buy a home.

    Phone
    800-569-4287 (TTY 202-708-1455)
    Cost
    Foreclosure, eviction, and homeless counseling are always free. Other counseling may carry a small fee, which agencies must waive if you can't afford it.

    Go to HUD Housing Counseling Agency Search

  • Housing

    Report Housing Discrimination

    U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity

    Takes reports of housing discrimination based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability, or familial status, including in privately owned housing and HUD-funded programs. You can report online, by phone with an intake specialist, or by mail.

    Use it: If a landlord, seller, or housing program treated you differently because of your race or another protected trait.

    Deadline
    Within one year of the last date of the alleged discrimination under the Fair Housing Act.
    Phone
    1-800-669-9777
    Cost
    No fee listed for filing

    Go to Report Housing Discrimination

Money

  • Money

    AnnualCreditReport.com

    Central Source, LLC, created by Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion under federal law

    The only website authorized by federal law to provide your free credit reports from Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion. You can check each report for free once a week, and checking your own reports won't affect your credit scores.

    Use it: If you want to check your credit reports for mistakes or signs of identity theft, or before applying for a loan.

    Phone
    1-877-322-8228
    Cost
    Free

    Go to AnnualCreditReport.com

  • Money

    Submit a Complaint

    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

    Sends your complaint about a bank account, credit card, loan, mortgage, debt collector, credit report, or money transfer to the company for a response. Most companies respond within 15 days, and complaints that another agency can better handle are passed along to that agency.

    Use it: If a bank, lender, debt collector, or credit reporting company made a mistake or won't fix a problem.

    Phone
    (855) 411-2372 (TTY/TDD (855) 729-2372)
    Cost
    No fee listed

    Go to Submit a Complaint

Voting

  • Voting

    Election Protection Hotline (866-OUR-VOTE)

    Election Protection coalition, administered by the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law

    A nonpartisan coalition of more than 300 partners whose trained volunteers help with registration deadlines, mail-in ballots, early voting, and voting on Election Day. The hotline is open year round by call or text, with lines in Spanish, Asian languages, and Arabic.

    Use it: If you run into a problem registering or voting, or have questions before or on Election Day.

    Phone
    866-OUR-VOTE (866-687-8683), call or text; Spanish/English 888-VE-Y-VOTA (888-839-8682); Asian languages/English 888-API-VOTE (888-274-8683); Arabic/English 844-YALLA-US (844-925-5287)
    Cost
    No fee listed

    Go to Election Protection Hotline (866-OUR-VOTE)

  • Voting

    Vote.gov

    U.S. Election Assistance Commission

    Sends you to your state's official election website to register, update your registration, or check your registration status; it does not register you itself. It also explains mail-in and early voting, voter ID rules, and voting with a disability or after a felony conviction.

    Use it: If you need to register to vote, confirm you're still registered, or update your address.

    Cost
    No fee listed

    Go to Vote.gov

Civil rights

  • Civil rights

    Report a Civil Rights Violation

    U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division

    An online form for reporting discrimination and other civil rights violations in settings such as housing, work, school, voting, and public places. The page tells people reporting law enforcement misconduct or a hate crime to contact the FBI, and says a response can take several weeks.

    Use it: If you believe your civil rights were violated because of your race, color, national origin, or another protected trait.

    Phone
    (202) 514-3847; toll-free 1-855-856-1247; TTY/TDD 711
    Cost
    No fee listed

    Go to Report a Civil Rights Violation

Health

  • Health

    988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline

    Administered by Vibrant Emotional Health with funding from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)

    Connects you with a trained counselor by call, text, or chat 24 hours a day for suicidal thoughts, mental health struggles, emotional distress, or alcohol or drug use concerns. Conversations are confidential, text and chat are available in Spanish, and there are options for Deaf and hard of hearing people.

    Use it: If you or someone you care about is in crisis or needs someone to talk to right now.

    Phone
    988 (call or text)
    Cost
    Free

    Go to 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline

  • Health

    Find a Health Center

    Health Resources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

    Searches by city, state, ZIP code, or address for HRSA-funded community health centers, which provide primary medical and dental care whether or not you have health insurance. HRSA funds about 1,400 health centers running more than 16,200 sites.

    Use it: If you need a regular doctor or dentist and don't have insurance or can't afford the usual cost of care.

    Phone
    877-464-4772 (TTY 877-897-9910), for questions about the search tool
    Cost
    Sliding fee scale based on your ability to pay

    Go to Find a Health Center

  • Health

    HEAR HER Campaign: Urgent Maternal Warning Signs

    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

    Lists warning signs that can point to a life-threatening problem during pregnancy and in the year after delivery, such as a headache that won't go away, trouble breathing, chest pain, a fever of 100.4°F or higher, or thoughts of harming yourself or your baby. The page says to seek medical care immediately if you have any of them.

    Use it: If you or someone close to you is pregnant or had a baby in the past year and has symptoms that feel wrong.

    Cost
    Free

    Go to HEAR HER Campaign: Urgent Maternal Warning Signs

Business

  • Business

    SBA Local Assistance

    U.S. Small Business Administration

    Helps you find nearby business counseling and training through SBA partners, including Small Business Development Centers, SCORE mentors, Women's Business Centers, and Veterans Business Outreach Centers. It also points to local SBA district offices and help with federal contracting and exporting.

    Use it: If you're starting or growing a business and want advice on planning, financing, or government contracting.

    Cost
    Free or low-cost counseling and training

    Go to SBA Local Assistance

Education

  • Education

    Federal Student Aid (StudentAid.gov)

    Federal Student Aid, U.S. Department of Education

    The official site for the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), which schools use to decide your grants, scholarships, work-study, and loans, and for managing and repaying federal student loans. Its homepage currently links to updates on changes under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act.

    Use it: If you're applying to college or career school, helping your child pay for it, or repaying federal student loans.

    Phone
    1-800-433-3243 (Federal Student Aid Information Center)
    Cost
    Free

    Go to Federal Student Aid (StudentAid.gov)

  • Education

    File a Complaint with the Office for Civil Rights

    U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights

    Investigates complaints of discrimination based on race, color, national origin, sex, disability, or age, and retaliation, at schools, colleges, and other institutions that receive Department of Education funding. You can file online or by mail, fax, or email; OCR's page says it works through a headquarters and 5 regional offices.

    Use it: If a school or college treated you or your child unfairly because of race or another protected trait.

    Deadline
    Ordinarily within 180 calendar days of the last act of discrimination. OCR may grant a waiver in limited circumstances.
    Phone
    800-421-3481 (TDD 800-877-8339)
    Cost
    No fee listed

    Go to File a Complaint with the Office for Civil Rights