The Record
The numbers, from the people who count them.
10 official figures on Black American life: money, housing, work, school, business, health and voting. Each one links to the agency table it came from.
All figures
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Wealth
2022
Median family wealth
$44,900 Black or African American non-Hispanic families
$285,000 White non-Hispanic families
Median net worth, in 2022 dollars. Results from the 2025 survey aren't out yet.
The median Black family's net worth (what it owns minus what it owes) was $44,900 in 2022, compared with $285,000 for the median white family.
Source: Federal Reserve Board, Survey of Consumer Finances, released October 2023
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Income
2025
Median household income
$59,980 Black householders (race alone)
$96,710 White, not Hispanic householders (race alone)
In 2025 dollars.
In 2025, the median Black household had an income of $59,980, meaning half had more and half had less, compared with $96,710 for white non-Hispanic households.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Income in the United States: 2025, released September 2026
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Poverty
2025
Poverty rate
17.3% Black alone
7.5% White alone, not Hispanic
People of all ages below the official poverty line.
In 2025, 17.3% of Black people lived below the official poverty line, compared with 7.5% of non-Hispanic white people.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Poverty in the United States: 2025, released September 2026
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Housing
Second quarter 2026
Homeownership rate
45.4% Black Alone householders
74.5% Non-Hispanic White Alone householders
Share of households that own their home.
In the second quarter of 2026, 45.4% of Black households owned their home, compared with 74.5% of non-Hispanic white households.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Housing Vacancies and Homeownership, second quarter 2026, released July 2026
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Work
August 2026
Unemployment rate
6.0% Black or African American, 16 years and over
3.7% White, 16 years and over
Seasonally adjusted. In this survey, the Black and white groups both include Hispanic people.
In August 2026, 6.0% of Black people in the labor force were unemployed and looking for work, compared with 3.7% of white people.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, The Employment Situation, August 2026, released September 2026
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Education
2024
Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher
29.6% Black (single race), 25 years and over
42.7% Non-Hispanic White (single race), 25 years and over
Adults 25 and older. 2024 is the latest year published.
In 2024, 29.6% of Black adults 25 and older had at least a bachelor's degree, compared with 42.7% of non-Hispanic white adults.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Educational Attainment in the United States: 2024, released September 2025
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Business
2023
Black-owned employer businesses
3.4% of U.S. businesses with paid employees are Black-owned
200,885 Black-owned businesses with paid employees, out of 5,934,950
Businesses with paid employees that are at least 51% owned by Black people.
In 2023, 200,885 U.S. businesses with paid employees were majority owned by Black people, which is 3.4% of all employer businesses.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Business Survey, released November 2025
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Health
2024
Life expectancy at birth
74.8 years Black non-Hispanic population
78.9 years White non-Hispanic population
Years a baby born in 2024 could expect to live at that year's death rates.
A Black baby born in 2024 could expect to live 74.8 years if that year's death rates held for life, compared with 78.9 years for a white baby.
Source: CDC National Center for Health Statistics, United States Life Tables, 2024, released August 2026
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Health
2024
Maternal mortality rate
44.8 Black non-Hispanic women
14.2 White non-Hispanic women
Deaths per 100,000 live births, during pregnancy or within 42 days after.
In 2024, 44.8 Black women died of maternal causes for every 100,000 babies born alive to Black mothers, compared with 14.2 for white women.
Source: CDC National Center for Health Statistics, Maternal Mortality Rates in the United States, 2024, released March 2026
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Voting
November 2024 election
Voter turnout
59.6% Black Alone citizens, 18 years and over
70.5% White Alone, not Hispanic citizens, 18 years and over
U.S. citizens 18 and older who said they voted.
In the November 2024 election, 59.6% of Black citizens 18 and older said they voted, compared with 70.5% of non-Hispanic white citizens.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Voting and Registration in the Election of November 2024, released April 2025
How to read these
- Years differ. Each agency publishes on its own schedule, so every card shows its own year.
- Group names are the agency's. “Black alone” or “white, not Hispanic” means exactly what that survey counted.
- A figure is an average or a middle. It describes a whole group, not any one person or family.
- A gap isn't its cause. Where a gap comes from is its own story, and when we tell it, we'll say whose explanation we're using.
When a number is out of date
Agencies release new data every month or year. If you see a newer figure than the one here, tell us: hello@blackamerican.ninja.